2013
Collaboration Between Space Agencies and the Public
The innovation that characterizes space programs and operations presents a complementary set of opportunities for space agencies: new ideas to solve complicated problems in space (spin-ons) and new ways to adapt space technologies for beneficial products and services for Earth (spinoffs).
Infrastructure: Space Infrastructure – TSR 2014
Space Products and Services – TSR 2014
Perspective – TSR 2014
Economy: Space Economy – TSR 2014
2013 – Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Systems
Note: The exhibit in this section is from The Space Report 2014. Please refer to this year’s exhibits for the most current data as numbers may have been revised since this edition was published.
2013 – Government Space Budgets Overview
Government space programs accounted for approximately $## billion in spending during 2013, representing ##% of the global space economy. Government investment in space decreased by ##% in 2013, contributing to a cumulative average annual growth rate of ##% between 2009 and 2013. The top-line figures, however, do not fully depict how some countries have significantly increased space spending while others have made cuts, as shown in Exhibit 2n. Because not all governments operate under the same fiscal cycle, international space spending numbers were derived from the most recent budgetary information available for each country. The figures reported in the following country profiles are presented in both the local currency and U.S. dollars as of June 30 of the appropriate year.
2013 – Space Products and Services Overview
Space products and services developed over the course of decades have altered the way people relate to both their planet and each other. Constellations of satellites orbiting the Earth provide a steady stream of information. Detailed forecasts provided by weather satellites as well as environmental monitoring and resource tracking by Earth observation satellites serve to improve the way humanity understands its surroundings.
2013 – Probes
The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft was launched in November 2013. MAVEN is intended to examine Mars’ upper atmosphere and ionosphere, and will also serve as a data relay in Martian orbit. This will facilitate communication between Earth and NASA’s assets currently on the surface and in orbit around Mars. MAVEN is expected to reach Mars in September 2014.
2013 – Landers/Rovers
In addition to astrophysics missions, several planetary exploration missions proceeded throughout 2013. These missions all focused on investigating other orbital bodies in the Solar System, whether through orbiting satellites or robotic landers.