Russia
Infrastructure: Space Infrastructure – TSR 2010
Workforce: Workforce and Education – TSR 2010
2009 – Cosmic Discovery: Space Science and Exploration
One of the fundamental rationales for spaceflight is to support science and exploration: to study distant worlds, perform research in new environments, and expand our knowledge of the origin and nature of our planet, solar system, and universe. The frontiers of this research are ever-expanding, both… Thank you for visiting The Space Report! The Authoritative…
2009 – Expanding Human Boundaries
For the majority of the space era, human spaceflight was pursued solely by the United States and Russia, or the former Soviet Union. This exclusive club is likely to expand significantly in the future. China has joined the group of nations with orbital human spaceflight capabilities, and in the Unit… Thank you for visiting The…
2009 – Broadening Participation: New Capacities, Policies, and Relationships
Note: This section’s exhibits are from The Space Report 2010. Countries are increasingly pursuing active space programs as political leaders come to view space as a critical component of national development. In 1960 the United States and the Soviet Union were the world’s only spacefaring n… Thank you for visiting The Space Report! The…
2009 – Global Space Workforce and Education – Snapshot
Nations around the world recognize the potential of space activity to create high-paying jobs, enable new industries and technologies, increase national competitiveness, and add value to the economy. Building for a future that envisions their increasing participation in space, countries are responding with notable human capital investments that combine traditional models of space education with emerging new approaches.
2009 – ISS – Snapshot
The best-known in-space platform is the International Space Station (ISS), a project led by the United States in conjunction with Russia, Canada, Japan, and several member nations of ESA. The ISS operates in LEO and serves as a research facility and testing laboratory. The station has been crewed by astronauts and cosmonauts from 15 different nations and has been serviced by a variety of spacecraft.
2009 – Non U.S. Launch and Payload – Snapshot
The Sea Launch consortium operates a derivative of the Ukrainian Zenit 2 rocket, modified with Russian and American components and used by Sea Launch as its standard booster since the company’s first launch in 1999. The Zenit-3SL rocket launches from Sea Launch’s ocean platform. A variant of this system, the Zenit-3SLB, launches from the Zenit pad at Baikonur, Kazakhstan.
2009 – Europe Launch and Payload – Snapshot
Europe’s space launch capability is managed by ESA via France-based Arianespace, a public-private consortium of 23 shareholders and ten European nations. European launches are conducted using facilities located at Kourou in French Guiana. While this site has seen a progression of rockets lift off from its pads, in recent years only the Ariane 5 launched from Kourou.
2009 – Russia Launch and Payload – Snapshot
As in recent years, Russia led the world in orbital launches, with ## in 2009, sustaining a long history of pioneering space accomplishments. In 2009 Russia launched payloads on seven different vehicles: Kosmos, Cyclone, Dnepr, Proton, Rockot, Soyuz, and Soyuz 2.